Hearing Loss in Children: Early Detection and Management Strategies

Even though hearing loss is most common in older adults, there is a risk of children experiencing hearing problems in the earliest stages of life. In fact, an estimated 2 out of every 3 children in the United States have a detectable level of hearing loss – either in one ear or both ears.

Sometimes, hearing loss is genetic. But 90% of children born with hearing loss have hearing parents. As a parent, it’s important to watch for the signs of hearing problems with your children. Remember that early intervention is the best solution, especially since hearing loss can affect a child’s speech, language, and cognitive development.

The good news is that plenty of interventions, accommodations, and technology can be used to ensure your hearing-impaired child is thriving in their learning and growth. The more you know about hearing treatments, the better prepared you will be to support your child in every way possible.

Types of Hearing Loss in Children

If it is discovered that your child is experiencing hearing loss, then the audiologist will perform testing to determine the underlying cause. There are different reasons why hearing loss can occur in childhood, and some of these factors can be treated. Even if your child’s hearing loss is untreatable, there are often options to amplify their hearing and help them function in their daily activities.

Here is an overview of the different types of hearing loss that can be diagnosed:

• Conductive Hearing Loss: When there is a problem in the outer or middle ear, then it is known as a conductive form of hearing loss. The good news is that some of these ear problems are reversible. If you treat the issue, then the hearing can be restored. Examples include ear infections, fluid buildup, wax impaction, and more. The faster these conditions are treated, the lower the likelihood that it will turn into permanent hearing loss.
• Sensorineural Hearing Loss: The next type of hearing loss happens because of damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve. The most common causes of sensorineural hearing loss include premature birth, genetic factors, and infections that can cause permanent damage. These forms of hearing loss are usually permanent and irreversible. But they can be managed with the right interventions.
• Mixed Hearing Loss: This third type is a combination of both conductive and sensorineural hearing loss. The doctors will determine the best treatments to alleviate the underlying condition, with the goal of restoring as much hearing as possible, minimizing the risk of long-term hearing loss, and finding solutions to optimize the hearing that is available.

Watch For These Signs of Hearing Loss in Your Child

As a parent, you might notice small behaviors and nuances in your child’s personality that could be an indication of hearing loss. Keep in mind that the symptoms vary depending on your child’s age and the severity of their hearing loss. Some of the most common signs and symptoms of hearing loss in children include:

Infants and Toddlers

In the earliest stages of life, an infant or toddler doesn’t have the communication ability to tell you that something is wrong with their ears. But there are common signs that they might have hearing issues, which can also impact the child’s development:

• The child doesn’t jump or startle when loud noises occur
• Delayed speech development and babbling
• Difficulty making sounds
• Always turning up the music or TV to excessive levels

Preschool and School-Aged Children

At this point, many children have annual hearing testing at school. But these basic tests don’t show the whole picture, which is why it’s a good idea to schedule a hearing test with an audiologist if you suspect that your child is experiencing hearing loss. You might notice signs such as:

• The child frequently asks you to repeat what you are saying
• Difficulty following instructions
• Inattentiveness at home and/or school
• Low academic performance
• Social withdrawal
• Behavioral problems

Early Detection and Hearing Screening for Your Child

Regardless of the severity of your child’s symptoms, it’s always best to schedule a hearing test if you suspect that they are experiencing mild, moderate, or severe hearing loss. Hearing tests are simple and painless, so it’s best to err on the side of testing even if you aren’t sure about the symptoms.

It’s a regular practice for newborns to have a hearing screening. In fact, many states have mandates that require a hearing screening shortly after birth. The goal is to detect genetic hearing loss as soon as possible, especially because these hearing issues could affect the child’s growth and development. Timely intervention will set the child up for the best success possible as they are growing.

Additionally, children should have regular hearing checkups. These hearing tests should happen throughout childhood, and especially if the child has any risk factors. If you are unsure about the optimal timing for hearing tests, talk to the child’s pediatrician or contact an experienced audiologist for personalized recommendations.

Managing Childhood Hearing Loss

It can feel devastating when your child has been diagnosed with hearing loss. But rest assured knowing there is hope! Many advances in the industry and modern solutions have been developed that can accommodate the child to live their best life possible, without letting hearing loss slow them down.

Some of the possible treatments and interventions might include:

• Hearing Aids: These devices amplify the sounds to improve the child’s hearing. Different technologies and styles are available. As the child grows, they will need adjustments and updated fittings to ensure comfort and performance.
• Cochlear Implants: Children with severe hearing loss can benefit from the use of these surgically implanted devices. A cochlear implant stimulates the auditory nerve directly. In order for a child to learn how to use this implant, they must go through rehabilitation and intensive therapy.
• Assisted Listening Devices (ALDs): Common examples of ALDs include sound field amplification and FM systems that can help a child cope in challenging environments and classrooms. For example, these tools might improve the signal-to-noise ratio.
• Speech and Language Therapy: The child often needs assistance in developing their communication skills. A speech-language therapist can offer services that teach the child how to read lips, use sign language, or use other techniques for communication.
• Other Support: Accommodations can be offered in educational settings, such as an Individualized Education Plan (IEP), preferential seating, and note-takers.

Talk to the Experts About Your Child’s Hearing

If you are concerned about your child’s hearing, then the best thing you can do is schedule an appointment with our team. We offer a supportive environment where you can learn ways to support your child at home, in the classroom, and in social settings.

Contact us at Fairfax Hearing Center to schedule a consultation and see how we can help.